Information about Patents
1Inventions patents
A patent is an exclusive right granted for an invention, which can be a product or a process that provides a new way of creating something or offers a new technical solution to a problem.
Patents are granted for inventions that are new, contain an inventive step, meaning that, considering the prior art, the invention could not have been conceived by a person skilled in the field of the art it pertains to. Additionally, the invention must be applicable in industry, including agriculture.
Patenta nuk mund të lëshohet për shpikje, përdorimi tregtar i të cilave bie në kundërshtim me rendin publik, moralitetin ose shëndetin publik dhe jetën e njerëzve.
A patent provides protection to the patent holder for an invention.
Mbrojtja jepet për një periudhë të kufizuar, në përgjithësi për 20 vjet nga data e depozitimit të aplikimit për patentë. Ky afat mund të shtyhet deri në 5 vjet të tjera për patentat për produktet mjekësore dhe produktet e mbrojtjes së bimëve.
The patent for national applications granted by the DPPI will have legal validity only if, within 10 years from the filing date, the owner submits to the DPPI an examination report issued by an institution authorized for the essential examination of inventions. Otherwise, the patent will be invalid.
2What protection does a patent offer?
Patent protection means that the invention cannot be commercially used, applied, or sold without the permission of the patent holder. These patent rights are typically enforced in court, which, in many judicial systems, has the legal authority to prohibit the illegal use of patents. However, the court can declare a patent invalid if requested unambiguously by a third party.
3What rights does the owner of a patent have?
The owner of a patent has the right to decide who can or cannot use the patented invention for the period during which the invention is protected. The patent holder can grant permission or license third parties to use the invention by signing a legal agreement for this purpose. The owner can also sell the rights to the invention to someone else. Once the patent's protection period expires, the invention becomes public. This means that the owner no longer has rights over the invention, and it can be used by others.
4Why are patents necessary?
Shpikjet të cilat nuk janë patentuar mund të kopjohen, të shiten apo të shpërndahen nga çdokush. Kjo nënkupton se pa një patentë shpikësit mund të humbasin të ardhurat të cilat do t’i kishin përftuar nga shpikja e tyre. Nëse shpikjet janë të suksesshme dhe te pa patentuara dhe ka shumë kërkesa për t’i blerë ato, atëherë nuk ka asnjë arsye t’i ndalojë kompanitë e tjera t’i shesin dhe të përfitojnë nga ato. Një konkurencë e tillë mund të uli shitjet dhe për pasojë edhe fitimet të cilat shpikësi mund të kishte nga shpikja e tij. Gjithashtu pa një patentë nuk mund të lieçnsohet një shpikje tek një investitor, prodhues , apo shpërndarës.
It can also happen that an inventor does not want to disclose their invention and does not patent it. Meanwhile, another person may come up with the same invention and patent it. In this case, the first inventor would not benefit financially from their invention.
Patentat nxisin individët duke iu ofruar njohje të krijimtarisë së tyre dhe shpërblim material për shpikjet e tyre. Këto nxitje inkurajojnë inovacionin, i cili tregon se cilësia e jetës njerëzore është në rritje të vazhdueshme.
5What role do patents play in everyday life?
Shpikjet e patentuara në fakt kanë të bëjnë me çdo aspekt të jetës njerëzore, që nga drita elektrike (patenta e Edisonit dhe Swanit) dhe plastika ( patentë e Baekelandit), tek stilolapsat me majë në formë topthi ( patentë e Biro-s) apo mikroproçesorët (patenta të Intel, psh).
All patent holders are required, in exchange for patent protection, to make information about their inventions public in order to enrich technical knowledge worldwide.
Kjo rritje e njohjes publike nxit krijimtarinë e mëtejshme dhe inovacionin tek te tjerët. Në këtë mënyrë, patentat sigurojnë jo vetëm mbrojtje për pronarin, por edhe një informacion të vlefshëm dhe frymëzim për gjeneratat e ardhshme të shpikësve dhe kërkuesve.
6Are patented inventions protected worldwide?
Patentat e lëshuara janë të mbrojtura vetëm në vendin në të cilin janë leshuar. Psh patentat e lëshuara në Shqipëri janë të mbrojtura vetëm në Shqipëri dhe jo në vendet e tjera. Në këtë rast çdonjeri në vendet e tjera mund të kopjojë ,prodhojë të shesë dhe shpërndajë shpikjen tuaj pa qenë nevoja e liçensimit. Për të qenë të mbrojtur pronarit të patenteës i duhet të aplikojë në të gjithë vendet në të cilat kërkon mbrojtje.
Procesi i patentimit të shpikjes në shumë vende është një proces i gjatë dhe i shtrenjtë.
Fortunately, in 1970, many countries decided to simplify the process for patenting and protecting inventions and created the PCT (Patent Cooperation Treaty). Thanks to the PCT, inventors can file only one application for an international patent, which is valid in 120 countries, including our own.
Applicants can choose whether they want to apply for a patent in all of these countries or only in a part of them.
7How can we apply for a patent at the DPPI?
The General Directorate of Industrial Property examines the application in accordance with Law No. 9947 dated 07.07.2008.
8Submission of the application
Aplikimi për lëshimin e një patente, që prej 1 Majit 2022 bëhet nëpërmjet portalit unik qeveritar e-Albania në shërbimin “Aplikim për patentë për shpikje”.
Aplikanti plotëson elektronikisht të dhënat në formularin e aplikimit, më pas shkarkon formularin e plotësuar i cili pasi nënshkruhet elektronikisht nga aplikanti ose përfaqësuesi I tij, ngarkohet përsëri në portal sëbashku me dokumentacionin e kërkuar gjatë aplikimit.
Aplikimi quhet i përfunduar pas marrjes së njoftimit të konfirmimit që shoqërohet me numrin e referencës së aplikimit.
The patent application is made for a single invention or a group of inventions that are linked in such a way that they form a single, general inventive concept.
9What should the application include?
The patent application must include:
a) the form
b) a description of the invention;
c) one or more claims;
d) drawings, referenced in the description or claims;
d) an abstract (summary of the invention);
e) the priority document if priority is claimed;
f) the authorization for representation when the application is submitted by the applicant's representative.
h) the statement of the inventor(s) expressing the intent for the patent to be issued in the name of the applicant.
i) the payment document for the filing fee.
10The filing date of an application
Applications submitted are examined according to their serial number. The DPPI reviews them within a period of 3 months from the date of application submission.
The filing date of an application for the registration of a patent is the date when the DPPI receives the completed request according to the requirements of the law. If the request is incomplete, the applicant is notified to complete it within a three-month period from the notification date. If the applicant fails to make the required completions and corrections within the deadline, the request is refused to be filed.
11Further examination of the patent application
Within a period of 3 months from the issuance of the filing receipt, the DPPI continues the further examination of the patent application.
Nëse gjatë ekzaminimit aplikimi paraqet mangësi, DPPI njofton aplikantin për të bërë plotësimet brenda afatit të caktuar nga data e njoftimit. DPPI ka të drejtë t’i kërkojë aplikantit depozitimin e dokumentave shtesë të nevojshme për ekzaminimin e aplikimit, nëpërmjet një njoftimi me shkrim si dhe të caktojë afatin për depozitimin e tyre kur e çmon të nevojshme. Nëse aplikanti nuk i plotëson të metat brenda afatit të caktuar, DPPI e refuzon aplikimin për patentë dhe njofton aplikantin për refuzimin. Aplikanti mund të kërkojë që afati kohor i caktuar për plotësim dokumentacioni të zgjatet deri në një muaj shtesë, duke paraqitur një kërkesë me shkrim bazuar në shkaqe të arsyeshme dhe kundrejt pagesës së tarifës përkatëse.
Në përfundim të ekzaminimit të bërë, DPPI merr vendim për lëshimin ose jo të patentës dhe njofton menjëherë aplikantin për vendimin e marrë, si edhe për kryerjen e pagesës së tarifës për lëshimin e patentës.
12Recognition of the validity of the patent
The patent owner must submit, within 10 years from the date of application for the patent, a document proving the validity of the invention in accordance with Articles 5, 6, 7, 9, and 10 of Law no. 9947 dated 07.07.2008. The aforementioned document must be issued by an international authority recognized by international agreements in the field of patents for substantive examination of patents. It must be submitted translated into the Albanian language and notarized.
DPPI examines the document submitted by the patent owner to determine if it complies with the provisions of paragraph 4 of Article 28 of Law no. 9947 dated 07.07.2008 and the patent regulations. If the document meets the aforementioned requirements and the result of the substantive examination of the invention from this document is positive, DPPI recognizes the validity of the invention, notifies the applicant, and makes the corresponding entry in the patent register.
On the other hand, if the document does not meet the requirements, DPPI will not consider it and will notify the patent owner. If the result of the substantive examination is positive for only part of the claims, the patent will be valid only for these claims, and DPPI will issue the corresponding notice and make the relevant entry in the patent register.
DPPI publishes the notice of the decision regarding the patent in the Industrial Property Bulletin.
13Publication of the patent application
DPPI publishes in the Industrial Property Bulletin every application filed, immediately after the completion of an 18-month period from the filing date or, when priority is claimed, from the priority date. If the applicant requests in writing, before the completion of the 18-month period, for the application to be published earlier and pays the corresponding fee, DPPI publishes it immediately.
DPPI also publishes in the Industrial Property Bulletin every patent granted.
14Restoration of rights
Në rast se mosrespektimi i një afati kohor të caktuar ka si pasojë të drejtpërdrejtë refuzimin e aplikimit për patentë apo të një kërkese tjetër, vlerësimin e aplikimit si të dorëhequr, humbjen e ndonjë të drejte tjetër ose të mjeteve për mbrojtjen e të drejtave, aplikanti ose pronari i një patente mund të kërkojë rivendosjen e të drejtës brenda dy muajve nga data e mbarimit të shkakut që ka penguar respektimin e afatit për veprimin në fjalë nëpërmjet një kërkese ku përcaktohen arsyet që kanë penguar aplikuesin të respektojë afatin si dhe kundrejt pagesës së tarifës përkatëse.
Pronari i një patente e cila është bërë e pavlefshme për shkak të mospagimit të tarifës së ripërtëritjes brenda afatit të parashikuar nga Ligji, mund të kërkojë rivendosjen e të drejtës mbi patentën brenda 12 muajve nga data e mbarimit të afatit të parashikuar në pikën 3, të nenit 41, të këtij ligji duke shoqëruar kërkesën me dokumentat e përmenduara në rregulloren përkatëse.
15Appeals to the Appeal Board
1. Brenda një periudhe tre mujore nga data e marrjes së njoftimit për refuzimin e aplikimit, aplikanti ka të drejtë të apelojë vendimin e DPPI. Kur kërkesa për apelim përmbush kërkesat e parashikuara, bordi i apelimit e shqyrton kërkesën për apelim brenda një periudhe tremujore nga data e paraqitjes së tij dhe njofton apeluesin për vendimin e marrë. Apeluesi ka të drejtë të ankimojë në gjykatë vendimin e bordit të apelimit, brenda 30 ditëve nga marrja njoftim për vendimin e bordit, në përputhje me nenin 28 pika 3 e Ligjit.
2. During the review, the Appeal Board has the right to request the appellant to submit additional materials and documents within one month from the date of notification.
If the decision of the Appeal Board is appealed in court, a copy of the final court decision is deposited in the patent application file, and the DPPI either rejects the application or grants the patent in accordance with the court's decision.
Objections to the granting of a patent may be filed with the DPPI within a nine-month period from the date of publication of the patent grant.
The Appeal Board of the DPPI reviews the objection to the granting of a patent within 3 months from the date of its submission. If the objection does not meet the required conditions, the Appeal Board considers the objection as not filed and notifies the objector in writing. Otherwise, the Appeal Board requests the objector, through a written notice, to rectify the deficiencies within 30 days from the date of the notification.
When the Appeal Board accepts the objection for review, it notifies the patent owner, against whom the objection has been filed, in writing and sends them a copy of the objection and the supporting documents attached to it. The patent owner has the right, within 3 months from the date of the notification, to submit their written claims regarding the objection and any other documents in support of their claims.
During the review, the Appeal Board has the right to request the parties, through a written notice, to submit additional materials and documents within one month from the date of the notification.
Bordi i apelimit merr vendim lidhur me kundërshtimin dhe njofton me shkrim palët. Vendimi i bordit të apelimit mund të apelohet në gjykatë brenda 45 ditëve nga data e marrjes së njoftimit.
The DPPI reflects the court's decision in the patent register and publishes it in the Industrial Property Bulletin if the patent has been revoked.
16Duration and renewal of the patent.
Ripërtëritja e patentës do të fillojë të bëhet nga viti i parë pas dhënies së patentës, për patentat kombëtare, ndërsa për patentat e shtrira europiane, duke filluar nga viti pasardhës i atij, në të cilin është publikuar dhënia e kësaj patente. Kërkesa për ripërtëritjen e patentës e përbërë nga formulari përkatës dhe dokumenti i pagesës së tarifës përkatëse duhet të depozitohet pranë DPPI përpara ditës së fundit të muajit që përmban datën e depozitimit, përfshirë edhe këtë ditë. Nëse kërkesa për ripërtëritjen e patentës së bashku me dokumentin e pagesës së tarifës përkatëse nuk depozitohet brenda afatit të larpërmendur, ato mund të depozitohen brenda periudhës 6 mujore pas ditës së fundit të muajit, në të cilin përfshihet data e depozitimit, me kusht që brenda kësaj periudhe të paguhet një tarifë shtesë. Ky afat mund të zgjatet me dy muaj, duke paguar një tarifë shtesë për shtyrjen e afatit të ripërtëritjes.
If the owner of a patent does not pay the renewal fee, and a license in favor of a third party has been registered in the patent register, the DPPI notifies the licensee that the payment has not been made and that they must pay the fee within six months from the date of the notification in order to maintain the validity of the registered license.
If the renewal fee is not paid within the prescribed period, the patent is considered expired on the day the renewal fee was due, and the DPPI notifies the applicant or their authorized representative about the expiration of the patent.
Nr. | Types of Fees | The value in lekë. |
---|---|---|
1.1 | Fee for patent application submission by students or pensioners. | 7,000 100 |
1.1.1 | Fee for patent application submission by students or pensioners. | 100 100 |
Procedures for patent registration for inventions.
1How can we apply for a patent for an invention at the DPPI?
The Directorate General of Industrial Property examines the application in accordance with... The Directorate General of Industrial Property examines the application in accordance with Law No. 9947 dated 07.07.2008 on Industrial Property, as amended.
2Submission of the application
The application for the granting of a patent is made through the application form provided by the DPPI, which is signed by the applicant or their representative and submitted to the DPPI protocol. The form may also be sent to the DPPI by mail or fax by the applicant or their representative. In the case of sending by fax, the applicant must submit the original application to the DPPI within one month from the date of the fax transmission; otherwise, the application will be considered as not filed.
The patent application is made for a single invention or a group of inventions that are linked in such a way that they form a single, general inventive concept.
3The patent application must include:
a) the application form;
b) a description of the invention;
c) one or more claims;
c) the drawings, referred to in the description or claims;
d) an abstract (summary of the invention);
d) the priority document, if priority is claimed;
e) the power of attorney, when the application is submitted by the applicant's representative.
f) the declaration of the inventor(s), expressing their consent for the patent to be granted in the name of the applicant.
g) the payment document for the filing fee (original).
4The filing date of an application
Applications submitted are examined according to their serial number. The DPPI reviews them within a 3-month period from the date of submission of the application.
The filing date of an application for the registration of a patent is the date when the DPPI receives the completed request in accordance with the legal requirements. If the request is incomplete, the applicant is notified to complete it within a three-month period from the date of the notification. If the applicant does not make the required completions and corrections within the deadline, the application is rejected for filing.
5Further examination of the patent application
Within a 3-month period from the date of issuance of the filing receipt, the DPPI continues the further examination of the patent application.
If during the examination the application presents deficiencies, the DPPI notifies the applicant to make the necessary corrections within the deadline specified from the date of the notification. The DPPI has the right to request the applicant to submit additional documents necessary for the examination of the application, through a written notice, and to set a deadline for their submission when deemed necessary. If the applicant does not correct the deficiencies within the specified deadline, the DPPI rejects the patent application and notifies the applicant of its rejection. The applicant may request an extension of the deadline for submitting the documentation by up to one additional month, by submitting a written request based on reasonable grounds and payment of the applicable fees.
At the conclusion of the examination, the DPPI makes a decision regarding the granting or denial of the patent and immediately notifies the applicant of the decision, as well as the payment of the issuance fee for the patent.
6Recognition of the validity of the patent
The owner of the patent must submit, within 10 years from the filing date of the patent application, a document through which they prove the validity of the invention in accordance with Articles 5, 6, 7, 9, and 10 of... Law No. 9947, dated 07.07.2008, on Industrial Property, as amended.
The above-mentioned document must be issued by an international authority recognized by international agreements in the field of patents for substantive examination of patents. It must be submitted translated into Albanian and notarized.
The DPPI examines the document submitted by the patent owner to determine if it complies with the provisions of paragraph 4 of Article 28 of... Law No. 9947, dated 07.07.2008. on Industrial Property, as amended. and the patent regulations. If the document meets the aforementioned requirements and the result of the substantive examination of the invention based on this document is positive, the DPPI recognizes the validity of the invention, notifies the applicant, and makes the appropriate entry in the patent register.
On the other hand, if the document does not meet the requirements, the DPPI will not consider it and will notify the patent owner accordingly. If the result of the substantive examination is positive for only some of the claims, the patent will be valid only for these claims, and the DPPI will issue the relevant notification and make the appropriate entry in the patent register.
The DPPI publishes in... The DPPI publishes in the Industrial Property Bulletin., The DPPI publishes the notification of the decision made regarding the patent in the Industrial Property Bulletin.
7Publication of the patent application
The DPPI publishes in the Industrial Property Bulletin every application filed, immediately after the completion of an 18-month period from the filing date or, when priority is claimed, from the priority date. If the applicant requests in writing, before the expiration of the 18-month period, that the application be published earlier and pays the applicable fee, the DPPI publishes it immediately.
Additionally, the DPPI publishes every granted patent in the Industrial Property Bulletin.
8Restoration of rights
The applicant or the owner of a patent may request the restoration of the right within one month from the date of receiving the notification of the rejection of the patent application, or any other application, through a written request and payment of the applicable fee.
The owner of a patent that has become invalid due to the non-payment of the renewal fee within the deadline specified by the Law may request the restoration of the right to the patent at any time, by submitting the documents mentioned in the relevant regulation to the DPPI.
If the DPPI accepts the request for the restoration of the right, it notifies the applicant or the patent owner in writing about the restoration of the right and the deadline within which they must correct the deficiencies, and publishes it. The refusal issued by the DPPI is annulled, and the examiner continues the procedure in accordance with... the Law. Law No. 9947, dated 07.07.2008, on Industrial Property, as amended.
9Appeals to the Appeal Board
Within a three-month period from the date of receiving the notification of the rejection of the application, the applicant has the right to appeal the decision of the DPPI.
When the appeal request meets the required conditions, the Appeals Board examines the appeal within a three-month period from the date of its submission and notifies the appellant of the decision made. The appellant has the right to challenge the decision of the Appeals Board in court within 30 days from receiving the notification of the Board's decision, in accordance with Article 28, paragraph 3 of... the Law. on Industrial Property, as amended.
During the review, the Appeals Board has the right to request the appellant to submit additional materials and documents within one month from the date of the notification.
If the decision of the Appeal Board is appealed in court, a copy of the final court decision is deposited in the patent application file, and the DPPI either rejects the application or grants the patent in accordance with the court's decision.
Objections to the granting of a patent may be filed with the DPPI within a nine-month period from the date of publication of the patent grant.
The Appeals Board of the DPPI examines the opposition to the granting of a patent within 3 months from the date of its submission. If the opposition does not meet the requirements, the Appeals Board considers the opposition as not submitted and notifies the opposer in writing. Otherwise, the Appeals Board requests the opposer, through a written notification, to rectify the deficiencies within 30 days from the date of the notification.
When the Appeals Board accepts the opposition for review, it notifies the patent owner, against whom the opposition has been filed, in writing, and sends them a copy of the opposition and the other documents attached to it. The patent owner has the right to submit their written claims regarding the opposition and any supporting documents within 3 months from the date of the notification.
During the review, the Appeal Board has the right to request the parties, through a written notice, to submit additional materials and documents within one month from the date of the notice.
The Appeal Board makes a decision regarding the objection and notifies the parties in writing. The decision of the Appeal Board can be appealed in court within 30 days from the date of receipt of the notice.
The DPPI reflects the court's decision in the patent register and publishes it in the Industrial Property Bulletin if the patent has been revoked.
10Duration and renewal of the patent.
The renewal of the patent will begin in the first year after the granting of the patent for national patents, while for patents with European extension, it will begin in the following year in which the granting of the patent is published. The request for patent renewal, consisting of the relevant form and the document proving the payment of the applicable fee, must be submitted to the DPPI before the last day of the month that includes the filing date, including that day. If the request for patent renewal along with the document of payment for the relevant fee is not submitted within the aforementioned deadline, it can be submitted within a 6-month period after the last day of the filing month, upon payment of an additional fee.
If the owner of a patent does not pay the renewal fee, and a license in favor of a third party has been registered in the patent register, the DPPI notifies the licensee that the payment has not been made and that they must pay the fee within six months from the date of the notice in order to maintain the validity of the registered license.
If the renewal fee is not paid within the prescribed period, the patent is considered expired on the day the renewal fee was due, and the DPPI notifies the applicant or their authorized representative about the expiration of the patent.
Utility Models
Through the utility model, it is possible to protect a new technical solution that goes beyond the scope of professional expertise and can be applied in industry. Inventions, scientific theories, mathematical methods, simple external adaptations of products (with aesthetic purposes), plans, laws, and methods of exercising intellectual activity, computer programs, and information indicators are not considered technical solutions. Protection cannot be granted for technical solutions that conflict with public order, especially for the moral principles of humanity, as well as for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of animals and humans, plant and animal varieties, and the biological reproduction of materials and production processes or labor activities.
Utility models are registered based on the so-called registration principle, where the office registers the respective model in the register without examining the criteria of novelty and inventive level, such as whether it should be protected or not. This is the main achievement that distinguishes utility models from the patent system.
Since the registration of a utility model in the Office provides an opportunity to increase protection, the effects of which are fully equivalent to those of a patent, the utility model offers the possibility to seek protection for a solution, being capable of registration through a faster process than that of a patent. This is particularly important for objects that need to be brought to market in time, while in the case of a relatively long procedure for granting a patent, they would remain unprotected.
Without the approval of the owner of the utility model, no one can produce or introduce the protected technical solution into the market. Identical to the case of a patent owner, the owner of a utility model is authorized to grant approval for the use of the respective utility model (license) to other persons or transfer the utility model to them.
A patent application can be converted, upon a written request from the applicant, into a utility model application, as long as the patent has not been granted by the DPPI.
The treatment of utility models is the same as the treatment of patents.
In contrast to a patent, the protection period of a utility model is 10 years from the date of application filing.